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Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid Cancer is a type of endocrine cancer that originates in the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck.
Thyroid Cancer
Overview of Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid Cancer is a type of endocrine cancer that originates in the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck. This gland is responsible for producing essential hormones that regulate metabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature. When cancer develops in the thyroid, it can impact these vital bodily functions. At Konkan Cancer Hospital (KCC), we specialize in early detection, precision diagnostics, and advanced, patient-centric thyroid cancer treatment.
What Causes Thyroid Cancer?
Thyroid Cancer occurs when the DNA of thyroid cells undergoes genetic mutations. These mutations cause cells to grow uncontrollably, form tumors, and potentially spread to lymph nodes or distant organs. While the exact cause isn’t always known, several established risk factors include:
Radiation Exposure (especially during childhood)
Genetic Syndromes (e.g., RET gene mutations in Medullary Thyroid Cancer)
Family History of Thyroid Cancer
Gender (more common in women)
Age (typically diagnosed between ages 30–60)
Iodine Deficiency
Understanding your risk profile is key. KCC offers preventive screening for individuals with known risk factors.
Signs & Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer
Early-stage Thyroid Cancer is often asymptomatic. However, as it progresses, the following symptoms may develop:
A painless lump or swelling in the neck
Persistent hoarseness or voice changes
Difficulty swallowing
Breathing problems or shortness of breath
Swollen lymph nodes
Pain in the throat or neck
If you notice any of these symptoms, contact our Thyroid Cancer specialists at KCC for an urgent evaluation.
When to See a Specialist
We recommend consulting a cancer specialist at Konkan Cancer Hospital if you experience persistent symptoms or have a family history of thyroid conditions. Early diagnosis ensures better outcomes, more treatment options, and improved survival rates.
Diagnostic Tests at Konkan Cancer Center
Accurate diagnosis is critical. At Konkan Cancer Center, we use a multidisciplinary approach with the latest tools in thyroid cancer detection, including:
Neck Ultrasound – Detects nodules and irregularities
Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Biopsy – Gold standard for analyzing suspicious nodules
Blood Tests – Includes TSH, T3, T4, calcitonin, and CEA (for Medullary Thyroid Cancer)
Molecular Testing – Detects mutations like BRAF, RAS, RET for targeted therapy eligibility
Radioactive Iodine Scanning – Evaluates the functionality and nature of thyroid tissue
Our diagnostic protocols are aligned with global oncology standards for endocrine cancers.
Types of Thyroid Cancer We Treat at Konkan Cancer Center
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma – Most common and slow-growing
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma – May spread to lungs and bones
Hurthle Cell Carcinoma – A subtype of follicular cancer with aggressive traits
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma – Develops from C cells; may be hereditary
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma – Rare and highly aggressive
Thyroid Lymphoma – A rare form treated with immunotherapy and radiation
Each subtype requires a different management strategy, and our oncology team at Konkan Cancer Center tailors treatments accordingly.
Cancer Staging & Grading
Stage I: Tumor ≤2 cm, confined to thyroid
Stage II: Tumor >2 cm but localized
Stage III: Spread to lymph nodes
Stage IV: Metastasized to distant organs
Grading helps identify the tumor’s aggressiveness (low vs. high grade) and guides treatment planning.
Thyroid Cancer Treatment Options at Konkan Cancer Center
Our treatment protocols combine the best of evidence-based medicine with patient-centric care:
Thyroidectomy – Surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid (standard for most types)
Radioactive Iodine Therapy (RAI) – Targets and destroys residual thyroid cancer cells
Thyroid Hormone Suppression Therapy – Maintains hormonal balance and suppresses TSH
External Beam Radiation – For advanced or inoperable cases
Chemotherapy – Used rarely, mostly for aggressive cancers like anaplastic type
Targeted Therapy – Includes kinase inhibitors for metastatic or refractory cancer
Immunotherapy – Emerging option for resistant or relapsed cases
Our thyroid cancer treatments meet international standards, and each patient’s plan is personalized by our multidisciplinary tumor board.
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Why Surgery + Radioactive Iodine is the Gold Standard
For most patients with Papillary or Follicular Thyroid Cancer, total thyroidectomy followed by RAI is the gold standard. This combination ensures:
Effective removal of primary and residual disease
Reduced recurrence risk
Better monitoring via thyroglobulin levels
Prognosis at Each Stage
Stage I–II: Excellent prognosis (5-year survival >98%)
Stage III: Good outcomes with aggressive treatment
Stage IV: Lower survival but treatment can prolong life and improve quality
With early intervention and expert care at Konkan Cancer Center, most thyroid cancers are curable.
Consult Our Experts at Konkan Cancer Center
At Konkan Cancer Hospital, our endocrine cancer team includes:
Oncologists specializing in thyroid tumors
Endocrine surgeons
Radiation oncologists
Genetic counselors
Nutrition & rehabilitation experts
Our comprehensive approach ensures continuity of care from diagnosis to recovery.
Most Asked FAQs on Thyroid Cancer at a Glance
A painless neck lump, hoarseness, and difficulty swallowing are early signs.
Every 3–6 months post-treatment for the first two years, then annually thereafter.
A balanced diet, regular monitoring, and medication adherence are key to recovery.
